<?php
/**
 * A base abstraction of a sync module.
 *
 * @package automattic/jetpack-sync
 */

namespace Automattic\Jetpack\Sync\Modules;

use Automattic\Jetpack\Sync\Defaults;
use Automattic\Jetpack\Sync\Functions;
use Automattic\Jetpack\Sync\Listener;
use Automattic\Jetpack\Sync\Replicastore;
use Automattic\Jetpack\Sync\Sender;
use Automattic\Jetpack\Sync\Settings;

if ( ! defined( 'ABSPATH' ) ) {
	exit( 0 );
}

/**
 * Basic methods implemented by Jetpack Sync extensions.
 *
 * @abstract
 */
abstract class Module {
	/**
	 * Number of items per chunk when grouping objects for performance reasons.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @var int
	 */
	const ARRAY_CHUNK_SIZE = 10;

	/**
	 * Max query length for DB queries.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @var int
	 */
	const MAX_DB_QUERY_LENGTH = 15 * 1024;

	/**
	 * Max bytes allowed for full sync upload for the module.
	 * Default Setting : 7MB.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @var int
	 */
	const MAX_SIZE_FULL_SYNC = 7000000;

	/**
	 * Max bytes allowed for post meta_value => length.
	 * Default Setting : 2MB.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @var int
	 */
	const MAX_META_LENGTH = 2000000;

	/**
	 * Sync module name.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	abstract public function name();

	/**
	 * The id field in the database.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function id_field() {
		return 'ID';
	}

	/**
	 * The table name.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @return string|bool
	 * @deprecated since 3.11.0 Use table() instead.
	 */
	public function table_name() {
		_deprecated_function( __METHOD__, '3.11.0', 'Automattic\\Jetpack\\Sync\\Module->table' );
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * The table in the database with the prefix.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @return string|bool
	 */
	public function table() {
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * The full sync action name for this module.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function full_sync_action_name() {
		return 'jetpack_full_sync_' . $this->name();
	}

	// phpcs:disable VariableAnalysis.CodeAnalysis.VariableAnalysis.UnusedVariable

	/**
	 * Retrieve a sync object by its ID.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param string $object_type Type of the sync object.
	 * @param int    $id          ID of the sync object.
	 * @return mixed Object, or false if the object is invalid.
	 */
	public function get_object_by_id( $object_type, $id ) {
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Initialize callables action listeners.
	 * Override these to set up listeners and set/reset data/defaults.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param callable $callable Action handler callable.
	 */
	public function init_listeners( $callable ) {
	}

	/**
	 * Initialize module action listeners for full sync.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param callable $callable Action handler callable.
	 */
	public function init_full_sync_listeners( $callable ) {
	}

	/**
	 * Initialize the module in the sender.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 */
	public function init_before_send() {
	}

	/**
	 * Set module defaults.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 */
	public function set_defaults() {
	}

	/**
	 * Perform module cleanup.
	 * Usually triggered when uninstalling the plugin.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 */
	public function reset_data() {
	}

	/**
	 * Enqueue the module actions for full sync.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param array   $config               Full sync configuration for this sync module.
	 * @param int     $max_items_to_enqueue Maximum number of items to enqueue.
	 * @param boolean $state                True if full sync has finished enqueueing this module, false otherwise.
	 * @return array  Number of actions enqueued, and next module state.
	 */
	public function enqueue_full_sync_actions( $config, $max_items_to_enqueue, $state ) {
		// In subclasses, return the number of actions enqueued, and next module state (true == done).
		return array( null, true );
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve an estimated number of actions that will be enqueued.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param array $config Full sync configuration for this sync module.
	 * @return int Number of items yet to be enqueued.
	 */
	public function estimate_full_sync_actions( $config ) {
		// In subclasses, return the number of items yet to be enqueued.
		return null;
	}

	// phpcs:enable VariableAnalysis.CodeAnalysis.VariableAnalysis.UnusedVariable

	/**
	 * Retrieve the actions that will be sent for this module during a full sync.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @return array Full sync actions of this module.
	 */
	public function get_full_sync_actions() {
		return array();
	}

	/**
	 * Get the number of actions that we care about.
	 *
	 * @access protected
	 *
	 * @param array $action_names     Action names we're interested in.
	 * @param array $actions_to_count Unfiltered list of actions we want to count.
	 * @return array Number of actions that we're interested in.
	 */
	protected function count_actions( $action_names, $actions_to_count ) {
		return count( array_intersect( $action_names, $actions_to_count ) );
	}

	/**
	 * Calculate the checksum of one or more values.
	 *
	 * @access protected
	 *
	 * @param mixed $values Values to calculate checksum for.
	 * @param bool  $sort If $values should have ksort called on it.
	 * @return int The checksum.
	 */
	protected function get_check_sum( $values, $sort = true ) {
		// Associative array order changes the generated checksum value.
		if ( $sort && is_array( $values ) ) {
			$this->recursive_ksort( $values );
		}
		return crc32(
			wp_json_encode(
				Functions::json_wrap( $values ),
				0 // phpcs:ignore Jetpack.Functions.JsonEncodeFlags.ZeroFound -- No `json_encode()` flags because we don't want disrupt the checksum algorithm.
			)
		);
	}

	/**
	 * Recursively call ksort on an Array
	 *
	 * @param array $values Array.
	 */
	private function recursive_ksort( &$values ) {
		ksort( $values );
		foreach ( $values as &$value ) {
			if ( is_array( $value ) ) {
				$this->recursive_ksort( $value );
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Whether a particular checksum in a set of checksums is valid.
	 *
	 * @access protected
	 *
	 * @param array  $sums_to_check Array of checksums.
	 * @param string $name          Name of the checksum.
	 * @param int    $new_sum       Checksum to compare against.
	 * @return boolean Whether the checksum is valid.
	 */
	protected function still_valid_checksum( $sums_to_check, $name, $new_sum ) {
		if ( isset( $sums_to_check[ $name ] ) && $sums_to_check[ $name ] === $new_sum ) {
			return true;
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Enqueue all items of a sync type as an action.
	 *
	 * @access protected
	 *
	 * @param string  $action_name          Name of the action.
	 * @param string  $table_name           Name of the database table.
	 * @param string  $id_field             Name of the ID field in the database.
	 * @param string  $where_sql            The SQL WHERE clause to filter to the desired items.
	 * @param int     $max_items_to_enqueue Maximum number of items to enqueue in the same time.
	 * @param boolean $state                Whether enqueueing has finished.
	 * @return array Array, containing the number of chunks and TRUE, indicating enqueueing has finished.
	 */
	protected function enqueue_all_ids_as_action( $action_name, $table_name, $id_field, $where_sql, $max_items_to_enqueue, $state ) {
		global $wpdb;

		if ( ! $where_sql ) {
			$where_sql = '1 = 1';
		}

		$items_per_page        = 1000;
		$page                  = 1;
		$chunk_count           = 0;
		$previous_interval_end = $state ? $state : '~0';
		$listener              = Listener::get_instance();

		// Count down from max_id to min_id so we get newest posts/comments/etc first.
		// phpcs:ignore Generic.CodeAnalysis.AssignmentInCondition.FoundInWhileCondition, WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared
		while ( $ids = $wpdb->get_col( "SELECT {$id_field} FROM {$table_name} WHERE {$where_sql} AND {$id_field} < {$previous_interval_end} ORDER BY {$id_field} DESC LIMIT {$items_per_page}" ) ) {
			// Request posts in groups of N for efficiency.
			$chunked_ids = array_chunk( $ids, self::ARRAY_CHUNK_SIZE );

			// If we hit our row limit, process and return.
			if ( $chunk_count + count( $chunked_ids ) >= $max_items_to_enqueue ) {
				$remaining_items_count                      = $max_items_to_enqueue - $chunk_count;
				$remaining_items                            = array_slice( $chunked_ids, 0, $remaining_items_count );
				$remaining_items_with_previous_interval_end = $this->get_chunks_with_preceding_end( $remaining_items, $previous_interval_end );
				$listener->bulk_enqueue_full_sync_actions( $action_name, $remaining_items_with_previous_interval_end );

				$last_chunk = end( $remaining_items );
				return array( $remaining_items_count + $chunk_count, end( $last_chunk ) );
			}
			$chunked_ids_with_previous_end = $this->get_chunks_with_preceding_end( $chunked_ids, $previous_interval_end );

			$listener->bulk_enqueue_full_sync_actions( $action_name, $chunked_ids_with_previous_end );

			$chunk_count += count( $chunked_ids );
			++$page;
			// The $ids are ordered in descending order.
			$previous_interval_end = end( $ids );
		}

		if ( $wpdb->last_error ) {
			// return the values that were passed in so all these chunks get retried.
			return array( $max_items_to_enqueue, $state );
		}

		return array( $chunk_count, true );
	}

	/**
	 * Given the Module Full Sync Configuration and Status return the next chunk of items to send.
	 *
	 * @param array $config This module Full Sync configuration.
	 * @param array $status This module Full Sync status.
	 * @param int   $chunk_size Chunk size.
	 *
	 * @return array|object|null
	 */
	public function get_next_chunk( $config, $status, $chunk_size ) {
		// phpcs:disable WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared,WordPress.DB.DirectDatabaseQuery.DirectQuery
		global $wpdb;
		return $wpdb->get_col(
			"
			SELECT {$this->id_field()}
			FROM {$this->table()}
			WHERE {$this->get_where_sql( $config )}
			AND {$this->id_field()} < {$status['last_sent']}
			ORDER BY {$this->id_field()}
			DESC LIMIT {$chunk_size}
			"
		);
		// phpcs:enable WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared,WordPress.DB.DirectDatabaseQuery.DirectQuery
	}

	/**
	 * Return last_item to send for Module Full Sync Configuration.
	 *
	 * @param array $config This module Full Sync configuration.
	 *
	 * @return array|object|null
	 */
	public function get_last_item( $config ) {
		global $wpdb;
		// phpcs:disable WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared,WordPress.DB.DirectDatabaseQuery.NoCaching,WordPress.DB.DirectDatabaseQuery.DirectQuery
		return $wpdb->get_var(
			"
			SELECT {$this->id_field()}
			FROM {$this->table()}
			WHERE {$this->get_where_sql( $config )}
			ORDER BY {$this->id_field()}
			LIMIT 1
			"
		);
		// phpcs:enable WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared,WordPress.DB.DirectDatabaseQuery.NoCaching,WordPress.DB.DirectDatabaseQuery.DirectQuery
	}

	/**
	 * Return the initial last sent object.
	 *
	 * @return string|array initial status.
	 */
	public function get_initial_last_sent() {
		return '~0';
	}

	/**
	 * Immediately send all items of a sync type as an action.
	 *
	 * @access protected
	 *
	 * @param array $config Full sync configuration for this module.
	 * @param array $status the current module full sync status.
	 * @param float $send_until timestamp until we want this request to send full sync events.
	 * @param int   $started The timestamp when the full sync started.
	 *
	 * @return array Status, the module full sync status updated.
	 */
	public function send_full_sync_actions( $config, $status, $send_until, $started ) {
		global $wpdb;

		if ( empty( $status['last_sent'] ) ) {
			$status['last_sent'] = $this->get_initial_last_sent();
		}

		$limits = Settings::get_setting( 'full_sync_limits' )[ $this->name() ] ??
			Defaults::get_default_setting( 'full_sync_limits' )[ $this->name() ] ??
			array(
				'max_chunks' => null,
				'chunk_size' => null,
			);

		$limits = array(
			'max_chunks' => is_numeric( $limits['max_chunks'] ) ? (int) $limits['max_chunks'] : 10,
			'chunk_size' => is_numeric( $limits['chunk_size'] ) ? (int) $limits['chunk_size'] : 100,
		);

		$limits['chunk_size'] = $this->adjust_chunk_size_if_stuck( $status['last_sent'], $limits['chunk_size'], $started );

		$chunks_sent = 0;

		// Store last_item in status to avoid re-running this expensive query on every invocation.
		// The minimum ID does not change during a Full Sync.
		if ( ! isset( $status['last_item'] ) ) {
			$status['last_item'] = $this->get_last_item( $config );
		}
		$last_item = $status['last_item'];

		while ( $chunks_sent < $limits['max_chunks'] && microtime( true ) < $send_until ) {
			$objects = $this->get_next_chunk( $config, $status, $limits['chunk_size'] );

			if ( $wpdb->last_error ) {
				$status['error'] = true;
				return $status;
			}

			if ( empty( $objects ) ) {
				$status['finished'] = true;
				return $status;
			}
			// If we have objects as a key it means get_next_chunk is being overridden, we need to check for it being an empty array.
			// In case it is an empty array, we should not send the action or increase the chunks_sent, we just need to update the status.
			if ( ! isset( $objects['objects'] ) || array() !== $objects['objects'] ) {
				$key    = $this->full_sync_action_name() . '_' . crc32( wp_json_encode( $status['last_sent'], JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES ) );
				$result = $this->send_action( $this->full_sync_action_name(), array( $objects, $status['last_sent'] ), $key );
				if ( is_wp_error( $result ) || $wpdb->last_error ) {
					$status['error'] = true;
					return $status;
				}
				++$chunks_sent;
			}

			// Updated the sent and last_sent status.
			$status = $this->set_send_full_sync_actions_status( $status, $objects );
			if ( $last_item === $status['last_sent'] ) {
				$status['finished'] = true;
				return $status;
			}
		}

		return $status;
	}

	/**
	 * Adjust chunk size using adaptive logic and update transient for tracking stuck state.
	 *
	 * @param string $last_sent The current last_sent marker.
	 * @param int    $default_chunk_size The default chunk size.
	 * @param int    $started The timestamp when the full sync started.
	 * @return int Adjusted chunk size.
	 */
	private function adjust_chunk_size_if_stuck( $last_sent, $default_chunk_size, $started ) {
		$transient_key = 'jetpack_sync_last_sent_' . $this->name() . '_' . $started;
		$stuck_data    = get_transient( $transient_key );
		$is_stuck      = isset( $stuck_data['last_sent'] ) && $stuck_data['last_sent'] === $last_sent;

		// Preserve the adjusted chunk size and stuck count from the transient when stuck.
		$stuck_count         = $is_stuck && isset( $stuck_data['stuck_count'] ) ? $stuck_data['stuck_count'] : 0;
		$adjusted_chunk_size = $is_stuck && isset( $stuck_data['adjusted_chunk_size'] ) ? $stuck_data['adjusted_chunk_size'] : $default_chunk_size;

		if ( $is_stuck && $stuck_data['adjusted_chunk_size'] === 1 ) {
			// Refresh transient TTL to prevent expiry-driven reset cycles.
			set_transient( $transient_key, $stuck_data, HOUR_IN_SECONDS );
			return 1; // If we are already at the minimum chunk size, do not adjust further.
		}

		// We will adjust if it is stuck after 10 minutes.
		if (
			$is_stuck &&
			( time() - $stuck_data['timestamp'] ) >= 10 * MINUTE_IN_SECONDS
		) {
			++$stuck_count;
			$adjusted_chunk_size = max( 1, (int) ( $default_chunk_size / ( 2 ** $stuck_count ) ) ); // Halve the chunk size for each stuck iteration.

			// Send one HTTP notification when chunk size reaches the minimum (1)
			// so the stuck state is visible for monitoring. Intermediate cascade
			// steps skip the HTTP request to avoid consuming the time budget.
			if ( 1 === $adjusted_chunk_size ) {
				$this->send_action(
					'jetpack_full_sync_stuck_adjustment',
					array(
						'module'              => $this->name(),
						'last_sent'           => $last_sent,
						'stuck_count'         => $stuck_count,
						'adjusted_chunk_size' => $adjusted_chunk_size,
					)
				);
			}
		}

		// Set or update the transient with the new last_sent, timestamp, and stuck_count.
		// Reset the timestamp when not stuck or after an adjustment, so each new chunk size
		// gets a 10-minute window to prove itself before halving further.
		$previous_chunk_size = $stuck_data['adjusted_chunk_size'] ?? null;
		$reset_timestamp     = ! $is_stuck || $adjusted_chunk_size !== $previous_chunk_size;
		set_transient(
			$transient_key,
			array(
				'last_sent'           => $last_sent,
				'timestamp'           => $reset_timestamp ? time() : $stuck_data['timestamp'],
				'stuck_count'         => $stuck_count,
				'adjusted_chunk_size' => $adjusted_chunk_size,
			),
			HOUR_IN_SECONDS
		);

		return $adjusted_chunk_size;
	}

	/**
	 * Set the status of the full sync action based on the objects that were sent.
	 * Used to update the status of the module after sending a chunk of objects.
	 * Since Full Sync logic chunking relies on order of items being processed in descending order, we need to sort
	 * due to some modules (e.g. WooCommerce) changing the order while getting the objects.
	 *
	 * @access protected
	 *
	 * @param array $status This module Full Sync status.
	 * @param array $objects This module Full Sync objects.
	 *
	 * @return array The updated status.
	 */
	protected function set_send_full_sync_actions_status( $status, $objects ) {

		$object_ids          = $objects['object_ids'] ?? $objects;
		$status['last_sent'] = end( $object_ids );
		$status['sent']     += count( $object_ids );
		return $status;
	}

	/**
	 * Immediately sends a single item without firing or enqueuing it
	 *
	 * @param string $action_name The action.
	 * @param array  $data The data associated with the action.
	 * @param string $key The key to use for the action.
	 */
	public function send_action( $action_name, $data = null, $key = null ) {
		$sender = Sender::get_instance();
		return $sender->send_action( $action_name, $data, $key );
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve chunk IDs with previous interval end.
	 *
	 * @access protected
	 *
	 * @param array $chunks                All remaining items.
	 * @param int   $previous_interval_end The last item from the previous interval.
	 * @return array Chunk IDs with the previous interval end.
	 */
	protected function get_chunks_with_preceding_end( $chunks, $previous_interval_end ) {
		$chunks_with_ends = array();
		foreach ( $chunks as $chunk ) {
			$chunks_with_ends[] = array(
				'ids'          => $chunk,
				'previous_end' => $previous_interval_end,
			);
			// Chunks are ordered in descending order.
			$previous_interval_end = end( $chunk );
		}
		return $chunks_with_ends;
	}

	/**
	 * Get metadata of a particular object type within the designated meta key whitelist.
	 *
	 * @access protected
	 *
	 * @todo Refactor to use $wpdb->prepare() on the SQL query.
	 *
	 * @param array  $ids                Object IDs.
	 * @param string $meta_type          Meta type.
	 * @param array  $meta_key_whitelist Meta key whitelist.
	 * @return array Unserialized meta values.
	 */
	protected function get_metadata( $ids, $meta_type, $meta_key_whitelist ) {
		global $wpdb;
		$table = _get_meta_table( $meta_type );
		$id    = $meta_type . '_id';
		if ( ! $table ) {
			return array();
		}

		$private_meta_whitelist_sql = "'" . implode( "','", array_map( 'esc_sql', $meta_key_whitelist ) ) . "'";

		return array_map(
			array( $this, 'unserialize_meta' ),
			$wpdb->get_results(
				// phpcs:disable WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared, WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.NotPrepared
				"SELECT $id, meta_key, meta_value, meta_id FROM $table WHERE $id IN ( " . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $ids ) ) . ' )' .
				" AND meta_key IN ( $private_meta_whitelist_sql ) ",
				// phpcs:enable WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared, WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.NotPrepared
				OBJECT
			)
		);
	}

	/**
	 * Initialize listeners for the particular meta type.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param string   $meta_type Meta type.
	 * @param callable $callable  Action handler callable.
	 */
	public function init_listeners_for_meta_type( $meta_type, $callable ) {
		add_action( "added_{$meta_type}_meta", $callable, 10, 4 );
		add_action( "updated_{$meta_type}_meta", $callable, 10, 4 );
		add_action( "deleted_{$meta_type}_meta", $callable, 10, 4 );
	}

	/**
	 * Initialize meta whitelist handler for the particular meta type.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param string   $meta_type         Meta type.
	 * @param callable $whitelist_handler Action handler callable.
	 */
	public function init_meta_whitelist_handler( $meta_type, $whitelist_handler ) {
		add_filter( "jetpack_sync_before_enqueue_added_{$meta_type}_meta", $whitelist_handler );
		add_filter( "jetpack_sync_before_enqueue_updated_{$meta_type}_meta", $whitelist_handler );
		add_filter( "jetpack_sync_before_enqueue_deleted_{$meta_type}_meta", $whitelist_handler );
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve the term relationships for the specified object IDs.
	 *
	 * @access protected
	 *
	 * @todo This feels too specific to be in the abstract sync Module class. Move it?
	 *
	 * @param array $ids Object IDs.
	 * @return array Term relationships - object ID and term taxonomy ID pairs.
	 */
	protected function get_term_relationships( $ids ) {
		global $wpdb;

		// phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.NotPrepared
		return $wpdb->get_results( "SELECT object_id, term_taxonomy_id FROM $wpdb->term_relationships WHERE object_id IN ( " . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $ids ) ) . ' )', OBJECT );
	}

	/**
	 * Unserialize the value of a meta object, if necessary.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param object $meta Meta object.
	 * @return object Meta object with possibly unserialized value.
	 */
	public function unserialize_meta( $meta ) {
		$meta->meta_value = maybe_unserialize( $meta->meta_value );
		return $meta;
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve a set of objects by their IDs.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param string $object_type Object type.
	 * @param array  $ids         Object IDs.
	 * @return array Array of objects.
	 */
	public function get_objects_by_id( $object_type, $ids ) {
		if ( empty( $ids ) || empty( $object_type ) ) {
			return array();
		}

		$objects = array();
		foreach ( (array) $ids as $id ) {
			$object = $this->get_object_by_id( $object_type, $id );

			// Only add object if we have the object.
			if ( $object ) {
				$objects[ $id ] = $object;
			}
		}

		return $objects;
	}

	/**
	 * Gets a list of minimum and maximum object ids for each batch based on the given batch size.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param int         $batch_size The batch size for objects.
	 * @param string|bool $where_sql  The sql where clause minus 'WHERE', or false if no where clause is needed.
	 *
	 * @return array|bool An array of min and max ids for each batch. FALSE if no table can be found.
	 */
	public function get_min_max_object_ids_for_batches( $batch_size, $where_sql = false ) {

		if ( ! $this->table() ) {
			return false;
		}

		$results      = array();
		$table        = $this->table();
		$current_max  = 0;
		$current_min  = 1;
		$id_field     = $this->id_field();
		$replicastore = new Replicastore();

		$total = $replicastore->get_min_max_object_id(
			$id_field,
			$table,
			$where_sql,
			false
		);

		while ( $total->max > $current_max ) {
			$where  = $where_sql ?
				$where_sql . " AND $id_field > $current_max" :
				"$id_field > $current_max";
			$result = $replicastore->get_min_max_object_id(
				$id_field,
				$table,
				$where,
				$batch_size
			);
			if ( empty( $result->min ) && empty( $result->max ) ) {
				// Our query produced no min and max. We can assume the min from the previous query,
				// and the total max we found in the initial query.
				$current_max = (int) $total->max;
				$result      = (object) array(
					'min' => $current_min,
					'max' => $current_max,
				);
			} else {
				$current_min = (int) $result->min;
				$current_max = (int) $result->max;
			}
			$results[] = $result;
		}

		return $results;
	}

	/**
	 * Return Total number of objects.
	 *
	 * @param array $config Full Sync config.
	 *
	 * @return int total
	 */
	public function total( $config ) {
		global $wpdb;
		$table = $this->table();
		$where = $this->get_where_sql( $config );

		// phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQL.InterpolatedNotPrepared,WordPress.DB.DirectDatabaseQuery.DirectQuery,WordPress.DB.DirectDatabaseQuery.NoCaching
		return (int) $wpdb->get_var( "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM $table WHERE $where" );
	}

	/**
	 * Retrieve the WHERE SQL clause based on the module config.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param array $config Full sync configuration for this sync module.
	 * @return string WHERE SQL clause, or `null` if no comments are specified in the module config.
	 */
	public function get_where_sql( $config ) { // phpcs:ignore VariableAnalysis.CodeAnalysis.VariableAnalysis.UnusedVariable
		return '1=1';
	}

	/**
	 * Filters objects and metadata based on maximum size constraints.
	 * It always allows the first object with its metadata, even if they exceed the limit.
	 *
	 * @access public
	 *
	 * @param string $type The type of objects to filter (e.g., 'post' or 'comment').
	 * @param array  $objects The array of objects to filter (e.g., posts or comments).
	 * @param array  $metadata The array of metadata to filter.
	 * @param int    $max_meta_size Maximum size for individual objects.
	 * @param int    $max_total_size Maximum combined size for objects and metadata.
	 * @return array An array containing the filtered object IDs, filtered objects, and filtered metadata.
	 */
	public function filter_objects_and_metadata_by_size( $type, $objects, $metadata, $max_meta_size, $max_total_size ) {
		$filtered_objects    = array();
		$filtered_metadata   = array();
		$filtered_object_ids = array();
		$current_size        = 0;

		foreach ( $objects as $object ) {
			$object_size      = strlen( (string) maybe_serialize( $object ) );
			$current_metadata = array();
			$metadata_size    = 0;
			$id_field         = $this->id_field();
			$object_id        = (int) ( is_object( $object ) ? $object->{$id_field} : $object[ $id_field ] );

			foreach ( $metadata as $key => $metadata_item ) {
				if ( (int) $metadata_item->{$type . '_id'} === $object_id ) {
					$metadata_item_size = strlen( (string) maybe_serialize( $metadata_item ) );
					if ( $metadata_item_size >= $max_meta_size ) {
						$metadata_item->meta_value = ''; // Trim metadata if too large.
						$metadata_item_size        = strlen( (string) maybe_serialize( $metadata_item ) );
					}
					$current_metadata[] = $metadata_item;
					$metadata_size     += $metadata_item_size;

					if ( ! empty( $filtered_object_ids ) && ( $current_size + $object_size + $metadata_size ) > $max_total_size ) {
						break 2; // Exit both loops.
					}
					unset( $metadata[ $key ] );
				}
			}

			// Always allow the first object with metadata.
			if ( empty( $filtered_object_ids ) || ( $current_size + $object_size + $metadata_size ) <= $max_total_size ) {
				$filtered_object_ids[] = strval( is_object( $object ) ? $object->{$id_field} : $object[ $id_field ] );
				$filtered_objects[]    = $object;
				$filtered_metadata     = array_merge( $filtered_metadata, $current_metadata );
				$current_size         += $object_size + $metadata_size;
			} else {
				break;
			}
		}

		return array(
			$filtered_object_ids,
			$filtered_objects,
			$filtered_metadata,
		);
	}
}
